1). Ibibazo bijyanye n'umuco gakondoibifunga bya zinc oxyde.
1. Hari akaga gashobora kwihisha mu kazi
Ubu,ibifunga bya zinc oxydeBishyirwa hamwe n'ibikoresho byo kugenzura, kandi imiterere yabyo igaragara ku ishusho iri hepfo.
Ubwoicyuma gifata zinc oxydeikora, umuvuduko runaka usigaye uzakorwa kuri R1 mu gikoresho cyo kugenzura. Umuvuduko usigaye ukorwa n'ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kugenzura uzaba utandukanye, ariko hakurikijwe ingingo ya "AC Gapless Metal Oxide Lightning Arrester" (GB 11032), umuvuduko usigaye ushobora kugera kuri 3kV. Mu yandi magambo, icyuma cyo kugenzura kizaba gifite umuvuduko usigaye ugera kuri 3kV iyo icyuma gifata umuriro kiri gukora. Uyu muvuduko usigaye uzashyirwa hejuru y'umuvuduko usigaye nyuma yuko icyuma gifata umuriro kimaze gukora, ibyo byongera agaciro k'umuvuduko usigaye w'icyuma gifata umuriro kimaze gukora, bigira ingaruka mbi ku kugabanya umuvuduko urenze urugero. Urugero,icyuma gifata inkubaKu gikoresho gisimbura gifite voltage ya 10kV, gifite voltage ya nominal discharge ya 5kA, agaciro gasanzwe k'voltage isigaye y'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ni 27kV. Iyo voltage isigaye ya 3kV y'igikoresho gikurikirana ishyizwe hejuru, voltage isigaye yose y'icyuma gifata umuriro izagera kuri 30kV, kandi voltage isigaye iziyongeraho 11.1%, ibi bizahindura cyane imikorere y'icyuma gifata umuriro kandi bigaca intege ingaruka za icyuma gifata umuriro zo guhagarika voltage irenze urugero.
Kugira ngo abakozi bashinzwe ibikorwa byo kugenzura no kwandika amakuru,icyuma gifata zinc oxydeIgikoresho cyo kugenzura gishyirwa ahantu hagera kuri metero 1.8 uvuye ku butaka. Iyo hari voltage ntarengwa ya 3kV ku kwinjira kw'igikoresho cyo kugenzura, hazabaho ikibazo gikomeye ku mutekano w'akazi.
2. Hari ingorane zihishe mu buryo bwizewe mu mikorere
Insinga z'uburyo gakondoicyuma gifata zinc oxyden'igikoresho cyo gutahura bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 1 iri hepfo. Muri byo, ishingiro ry’ubushyuhe, insinga, n'igikoresho cyo kugenzura byose ni ibikoresho by'inyongera kugira ngo harebwe uburyo umuvuduko w'amazi uva muri zinc oxide arrester ukoreshwa munsi y'imbaraga zikoreshwa. Ibi bikoresho si ngombwa kugira ngo zikore neza. Kongeramo ibi bikoresho by'inyongera byongera amahirwe yo kugira inenge mu bikoresho. Uko ibikoresho byaba bimeze kose, bishobora gutuma icyuma gihagarika gukora no kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ibikoresho. Urugero, mu kazi nyirizina, ishingiro ry’ubushyuhe rikunze kugira ibibazo by'ubushuhe, ubushyuhe budasanzwe cyangwa kwangirika, bizagira ingaruka ku mikorere no kugenzura icyuma gifata.
Dukurikije imibare yo kuri interineti, mu nenge zikomeye kandi zikomeye za zinc oxide arrest mu mwaka runaka, hari ibintu 21 bitari byiza mu mubiri, 110 by’amazi adasobanutse neza, 13 by’ubushyuhe bwo hanze budasanzwe, 1 ishingiro ridasanzwe (flange), 8 by’amashanyarazi adasobanutse neza, n’ibibazo 10 by’imiyoboro y’amazi. Igikoresho cyo kugenzura cyari kidasanzwe inshuro 183. Bigaragara ko ibikoresho by’inyongera bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere ihamye y’icyuma gifata amazi. Indi mibare yerekana ko hari inenge 2.509 zabayeho mu byuma bifata imirabyo bifite ubushyuhe bwa kV 110 (66) no hejuru yayo mu mwaka runaka, muri byo hari inenge za zinc arrest kubera gupima amazi adasobanutse neza zari 31.79% by’umubare wose w’inenge, naho inenge z’ibikoresho byo kugenzura zari 52.89%.
2). Ibyiza byo gufata zinc oxide hamwe na transformer yubatswemo
1. Ku gikoresho gifata amazi cya zinc oxide gifite transformer yubatswemo, ishingiro n'insinga bikurwaho mu buryo bwo gushyiraho, kandi flange yo hasi ihuzwa neza n'umuyoboro w'ubutaka binyuze mu gikoresho cyo hasi, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 2 haruguru. Umuriro uva n'umuriro usohoka bigabanya ibikoresho byo kugenzura. Ibi bikuraho ukwiyongera kwa voltage isigaye y'icyuma gifata amazi bitewe no gushyiramo ingufu nyinshi z'icyuma gifata amazi, no kwiyongera kwa voltage isigaye y'icyuma gifata amazi bitewe no gushyiramo ingufu nyinshi z'icyuma gifata amazi bitewe no gufungura umurongo w'ubutaka.
2. Kubera ko umuvuduko w'amazi uva mu gikoresho gifata amazi uva mu gikoresho gitwara amazi, nta muvuduko mwinshi uzaba uhari aho icyuma gipima amazi ava mu gikoresho gishyirwa mu mwanya wacyo mu gihe cy'imikorere y'icyuma gifata amazi, ibyo bikaba bitazongera guteza akaga ku mutekano w'abagikoresha. Bityo, umutekano w'imikorere y'icyuma gifata amazi ava mu gikoresho gifata amazi ava mu gikoresho urashobora kunozwa neza.
3. Bitewe no kugabanuka kw'ibindi bice nk'ibice bikingira ubushyuhe, insinga, nibindi, ikibazo cy'uko icyuma gifunga zinc oxide gihatirwa guhagarara bitewe n'inenge z'ibindi bice mu gihe cyo gukora nacyo kizagabanuka cyane.
4. Igikoresho cyo kugenzura ubwacyo ntikiba gifatanye n'uruziga rufite ingufu nyinshi. Iyo igikoresho cyo kugenzura cyananiwe kandi gikeneye gusimburwa, icyo gikoresho cyo kugenzura ntigikeneye gukurwaho. Bityo, imikorere yacyo ishobora kunozwa neza.
