1.Kuki igice cy'inyuma cya transformer gikeneye gushyirwaho?
Iyo transformateur ikora, igice cy'icyuma, igice cy'icyuma gihamye, n'imiterere y'icyuma cyo kuzunguruka, ibice, ibice, nibindi byose biba biri mu murima ukomeye w'amashanyarazi. Mu gihe cy'umurimo w'amashanyarazi, bifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru bwo ku butaka. Iyo igice cy'icyuma kidahagaze, hazabaho itandukaniro rishoboka hagati yacyo n'icyuma gishingiye ku butaka n'ikigega cya lisansi. Mu gihe cy'igikorwa cy'itandukaniro rishoboka, hashobora kubaho gusohora amazi rimwe na rimwe.
Byongeye kandi, iyo transformateur ikora, haba hari imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi zikikije izunguruka. Inkingi y'icyuma, imiterere y'icyuma, ibice, ibice, nibindi byose biri mu ngufu za rukuruzi zitari zimwe. Intera iri hagati yabyo n'izunguruka ntabwo ingana. Kubwibyo, buri kimwe Ubunini bw'imbaraga za electromotive ziterwa n'imbaraga za rukuruzi z'ibyuma, ibice, ibice, nibindi nabyo ntabwo bingana, kandi hari n'itandukaniro rishobora kubaho hagati yabyo. Nubwo itandukaniro rishoboka ritari rinini, rishobora no gusenya icyuho gito cy'ubushyuhe, gishobora no gutuma habaho imirasire mito idashira.
Byaba ari ibintu bisohoka mu buryo bw'igihe gito bishobora guterwa n'ingaruka z'itandukaniro rishoboka, cyangwa ibintu bisohoka mu buryo bw'akanya gato biterwa no gusenyuka kw'icyuho gito gikingira ubushyuhe, ntibyemewe, kandi biragoye cyane kugenzura ibice by'ibi bisohoka mu buryo bw'igihe gito.
Igisubizo cyiza ni ugusya neza igice cy’icyuma, igice cy’icyuma gihamye, n’imiterere y’icyuma gizunguruka, ibice, ibice, nibindi, kugira ngo bibe ku bushobozi bumwe bw’ubutaka nk’ubw’ikigega cya lisansi. Igice cy’inyuma cya transformer kiba gifite aho gishingiye, kandi gishobora gushyirwaho gusa ahantu hamwe. Kubera ko impapuro z’icyuma za silikoni zo mu gice cy’icyuma ziba zirindanye, ibi ni ukugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho imigezi minini. Kubwibyo, impapuro zose za silikoni ntizigomba gushyirwaho cyangwa ngo zishyirweho ahantu henshi. Bitabaye ibyo, imigezi minini ya silikoni izaterwa. Igice cy’inyuma kiba gishyushye cyane.
Inkingi y'icyuma ya transformateur iba ishingiye ku butaka, ubusanzwe igice icyo ari cyo cyose cy'icyuma cya silikoni cyo mu mutima w'icyuma kiba gishingiye ku butaka. Nubwo impapuro z'icyuma za silikoni ziba zishingiye ku butaka, agaciro kazo ko kwirinda ubushyuhe ni gato cyane. Imbaraga z'amashanyarazi zitangana hamwe n'imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi bishobora gutuma ingufu nyinshi ziterwa n'amabati ya silikoni ava ku butaka anyura mu mabati ya silikoni, ariko zishobora gukumira imirasire y'amazi. Itemba kuva ku gice kimwe ujya ku kindi. Kubwibyo, igihe cyose igice icyo ari cyo cyose cy'icyuma cya silikoni cyo mu mutima w'icyuma gishingiye ku butaka, bingana no gusimbuza igice cyose cy'icyuma.
Icyitonderwa ni uko igice cy'icyuma cya transformateur kigomba gushingwa ahantu hamwe, atari ahantu habiri, ahubwo kigomba gushingwa ahantu henshi, kuko gushingwa ahantu henshi ari kimwe mu bintu bikunze kugaragara muri transformateur.
2. Kuki core ya transformer idashobora gushingirwaho ahantu henshi?
Impamvu ituma imirasire y’ibanze ya transformer ishobora gushingwa ahantu hamwe gusa ni uko iyo hari ingingo zirenze ebyiri zo gushingwa, umurongo ushobora gukorwa hagati y’ingingo zo gushingwa. Iyo inzira nkuru inyuze muri uyu murongo ufunze, hazavukamo umuriro uzenguruka, bigatera impanuka bitewe no gushyuha cyane imbere. Igice cy’icyuma cyashongeshejwe kizaba ikosa rya short-circuit hagati y’uduce tw’icyuma, bizongera igihombo cy’icyuma, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere n’imikorere isanzwe ya transformer. Igice cy’icyuma cya silikoni cyonyine ni cyo gishobora gusimburwa kugira ngo gikorwe. Kubwibyo, transformer ntiyemerewe gushingwa ahantu henshi. Hariho igice kimwe gusa.
3. Gutera ubutaka mu buryo bwinshi biroroshye gukora umuyoboro uzenguruka kandi byoroshye gutanga ubushyuhe.
Mu gihe cy'imikorere ya transformateur, ibice by'icyuma nk'inkingi y'icyuma n'ibifunga byose biba biri mu murima ukomeye w'amashanyarazi, kuko induction ya electrostatic izatanga ubushobozi bwo kureremba ku gice cy'icyuma n'igice cy'icyuma, kandi ubwo bushobozi buzamanuka bujya hasi, ibyo birumvikana ko bitakwemerwa. Bityo, igice cy'icyuma n'udupira twacyo bigomba gushingwa neza kandi mu buryo bwizewe (usibye bolts z'ibanze gusa). Igice cy'icyuma cyemerewe gushingwa ahantu hamwe gusa. Iyo ingingo ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi zishingwa, igice cy'icyuma kizakora umurongo ufunze hamwe n'aho hasi n'ubutaka. Iyo transformateur irimo gukora, flux ya magnetic izanyura muri uyu murongo ufunze, uzatanga icyo bita circulating current, bigatera ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'icyuma, ndetse no gutwika ibice by'icyuma n'ibice bikingira.
Muri make: igice cy'icyuma cya transformateur gishobora gushyirwaho gusa ahantu hamwe, kandi ntigishobora gushyirwaho ahantu habiri cyangwa harenze.
