Ibiti bya ANSI ceramicni ibikoresho bya ceramic bushing bikurikiza amahame ya tekiniki yashyizweho n'Ikigo cy'Igihugu cy'Ubuziranenge cya Amerika (ANSI). Byagenewe by'umwihariko kuzuza ibisabwa mu bijyanye no gukingira, gushyigikira ikoranabuhanga, no kurinda umutekano w'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nyinshi muri Amerika ya Ruguru no ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Bihuza imiterere myiza y'ibikoresho bya ceramic n'amahame akomeye y'amahame ya ANSI. Ni kimwe mu byiciro by'ingenzi by'ibice bifite ingufu nyinshi mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi.
I. Ibisobanuro by'ingenzi: Ni ikiANSI Ceramic Bushing?
Ibikoresho bya ANSI ceramic ntabwo bivuga imiterere runaka, ahubwo byakozwe, bigakorwa, kandi bigapimwa hakurikijwe amahame ngenderwaho ya ANSI (nk'ibipimo bya ANSI C37 "High Voltage Switchgear Standards", ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ANSI/IEEE C57 "Transformer Standards", nibindi). Ishingiro ni ukureba ko insulation ihamye, ihamye mu byuma, kandi ko ibicuruzwa bishobora guhindurwa mu buryo busanzwe mu kirere gifite voltage nyinshi binyuze mu bipimo ngenderwaho, ibipimo by'imikorere, n'uburyo bwo gupima, cyane cyane bikwiranye n'insinga z'amashanyarazi zo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru n'imishinga mpuzamahanga ikurikiza amahame ngenderwaho ya ANSI.
II. Amahame y'ingenzi ya ANSI yakurikijwe
Igishushanyo mbonera n'umusaruro w'ibice bya ANSI ceramic bigomba kubahiriza amahame menshi agamije. Amahame rusange y'ingenzi arimo:
ANSI C37.04: Igena ibipimo by’isuzuma, urwego rw’ubushyuhe, n’uburyo bwo gupima (nk’amashanyarazi yihanganira frequency y’ingufu, amashanyarazi yihanganira imirabyo) ku gikoresho cyo gusimbuza gifite voltage nyinshi (harimo n’udukingirizo tw’amashanyarazi);
ANSI C37.34Ibisabwa mu rwego rwa tekiniki ku byuma bifite ingufu nyinshi, harimo ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu mu buryo bungana, imbaraga zikoreshwa mu gukurura, gupfundika, guhindukira, n'imikorere yo kudahungabana k'ubushyuhe;
ANSI/IEEE C57.19.01: Amahame ngenderwaho ku byuma bihindura ikirere, agaragaza neza ingufu z'amashanyarazi, ingufu z'amashanyarazi, umupaka w'ubushyuhe, n'imikorere yo gufunga by'ibikoresho bihindura ikirere;
Urukurikirane rwa ANSI C29: Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'imbaraga za mekanike n'imikorere y'amashanyarazi ku byuma bikingira amashanyarazi byo hanze (harimo n'ibice bifunga inkuta) (nk'imbaraga zo kunama, ikizamini cyo gupima umwanda);
Izi ngingo ngenderwaho zemeza ko ibipimo by’inyubako za ANSI ceramic bihura neza (nk’uko ingano z’inyubako zihura) kandi ko byizerwa (binyuze mu igeragezwa rikomeye) mu nganda zitandukanye n’amatsinda yazo.
III. Ibiranga imiterere n'ibikoresho (Byanogejwe hashingiwe ku mahame ngenderwaho ya ANSI)
Imiterere y'uduti twa ANSI ceramic isa n'iy'uduti twa ceramic muri rusange. Ariko, bitewe n'ibisabwa birambuye ku mahame ya ANSI, guhitamo ibikoresho n'igishushanyo mbonera birambuye byibanda cyane ku buryo busanzwe bwo guhuza ibintu:
1. Ibyuma bikingira ibyuma bya Ceramic
Guhitamo Ibikoresho: Koresha cyane cyane ceramic ya aluminiyumu okiside ifite pure nyinshi (Al₂O₃ content ≥ 95%) cyangwa silicon dioxide ceramic (nk'uko bisobanurwa n'ibipimo bya ASTM C609 nka "ceramic y'amashanyarazi") kugira ngo urebe ko ubushyuhe budashobora guhagarara (≥ 10¹³ Ω·cm), imbaraga za dielectric (≥ 15 kV/mm), n'imbaraga za mekanike (imbaraga zo kugonda ≥ 150 MPa) byujuje ibisabwa.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imiterere:
* Uduti two hanze akenshi tuba dufite umubare n'intera y'uduti tw'umukara twagenwe n'ibipimo bya ANSI (nk'itandukaniro ry'umurambararo n'uburebure bw'umukara bwa buri gice), kugira ngo twuzuze ibisabwa ku ntera yo gukurura (nk'igipimo cya 10 kV cy'uduti tw'umukara ≥ 25 mm/kV);
* Uduce two mu nzu ahanini ni utuzu duto tworoshye cyangwa dufite amajipo y'umuhengeri mato, twibanda ku bipimo bito (bikurikije ibisabwa mu kwihanganira imiterere ya ANSI C37.34, nko kugabanya umurambararo ≤ ± 0.5 mm).
2. Ibikoresho by'icyuma
Ibipfukisho by'icyuma/imigozi ku mpera zombi bikoresha ibikoresho by'icyuma cyangwa umuringa hakurikijwe amahame ya ANSI B16.5 (nk'icyuma cya karuboni cya galvanized, icyuma kidashonga 304), bifasha mu kurwanya ingese.
Ingano y'aho imiyoboro ihurira ikurikiza neza amabwiriza ya ANSI (nk'umurambararo w'umwobo w'umugozi, ibisobanuro by'imigozi), bigatuma habaho guhindagurika mu buryo butaziguye n'imiyoboro isanzwe ikoreshwa n'imiyoboro y'insinga muri Amerika ya Ruguru (nta mpamvu yo kongera guhindura).
3. Gufunga no kurinda(ku bidukikije byo hanze/bitose) Hakurikijwe ibisabwa na ANSI C57.19.01, hakoreshwa igishushanyo mbonera gifunze kabiri (hamwe na silicone rubber cyangwa epoxy resin ifunze icyuho kiri hagati y’umubiri wa ceramic n’icyuma gifatanye), kandi "ikizamini cyo kwinjizwa mu mazi" (nk'ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe busigaye kuri ≥ 100 MΩ nyuma y'amasaha 24 yo kwinjizwa mu mazi) kugira ngo hatagwa imvura nyinshi n'ahantu hafite ubushuhe bwinshi.
