Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nke bizaba ingenzi ku isoko

(1) Icyifuzo gishya cyatewe no gushyiraho uburyo bunini bwo kubaka imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi

Kubaka umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi ugezweho bizashyirwa mu bikorwa mu byiciro bitatu mbere ya 2020. Icyiciro cya mbere ni 2009-2011, ahanini kigamije ubushakashatsi n’imishinga y’igerageza; igice cya kabiri ni 2011-2015, aho umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi ugezweho uzashyirwa mu bikorwa ku rwego runini; igice cya gatatu ni 2016-2020 kugira ngo hagerwe ku kunozwa no kunozwa muri rusange. Kuri ubu, Ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa kirimo kongera gushyiraho amahame 200 ya tekiniki ku muyoboro w’amashanyarazi ugezweho mu Bushinwa. Gushyiraho igenamigambi n’amahame byazanye iyubakwa ry’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi igezweho mu rugendo, bizazana icyifuzo kinini cy’imiyoboro igabanya ingufu z’amashanyarazi iciriritse n’iyo hejuru.

(2) Ishoramari mu nganda rituma habaho iterambere ry'ejo hazaza

Inganda ni urwego rw'ingenzi rukoreshwa mu nganda z'amashanyarazi zikoresha ingufu nke, kandi ni rumwe mu nzego icumi z'ingenzi z'ubuhanga mu kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Bitewe n'igitutu cy'ibipimo byo kuzigama ingufu, inganda z'inganda zo mu Bushinwa zizakomeza gusaba cyane kugenzura kuzigama ingufu no gukwirakwiza ingufu mu buryo bw'ubwenge.

(3) Ingufu z'umuyaga, ingufu z'izuba n'izindi ngufu nshya bitera gukenerwa cyane kwa mashini zigabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi ziciriritse n'izikomeye.

Nyuma y’Inama ya Copenhagen, ishoramari mu ngufu nshya ryabaye ikintu cy’ingenzi ku isi yose. Ingufu nshya n’ubukungu bukoresha karubone nke byabaye inzira nyamukuru y’inganda z’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi. Iterambere rikomeye ry’ingufu nshya rizatera gukenerwa cyane ku bikoresho by’amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nke kandi bihamye kandi bihamye. Biteganijwe ko gukenera ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nke biziyongera cyane mu myaka 3-5. Ikoranabuhanga ry’ingenzi n’iry’ingenzi nka sisitemu yo kugenzura inverter n’ikoranabuhanga rihuza amashanyarazi y’umuyaga n’amashanyarazi akomoka kuri photovoltaic bigomba kuvugururwa. Iki kandi ni icyerekezo cyo kwaguka mu gihe kizaza kw’inganda z’amashanyarazi zifite ingufu nke.

Kuva mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 20 kugeza mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 21, amasosiyete akomeye y'amahanga yagiye ashyiraho ACB na MCCB nshya, kandi yakomeje kunozwa no kwaguka. Yateye imbere cyane mu bijyanye n'imikorere y'ingenzi ya tekiniki, imiterere y'ibicuruzwa, n'ikoranabuhanga rishya. Muri byo, Siemens yo mu Budage ni yo igaragara cyane. Ibikoresho byayo by'amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nke bishobora gutumanaho bishobora gukora sisitemu nini cyane y'inganda, sisitemu yo kugenzura ikwirakwizwa ry'amashanyarazi na sisitemu yo kwihutisha inyubako. Imashini igabanya urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi ya MDU yakozwe na Mitsubishi Corporation ishobora gukora umuyoboro wo kugenzura ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Sisitemu, sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho, nibindi.

Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nke bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye mu bukungu bw'igihugu kandi bifitanye isano rya hafi n'ishoramari rihoraho ry'umuryango wose. 21 Mu by'ukuri, cyari igihe cy'iterambere ryihuse ry'inganda z'amashanyarazi zifite ingufu nke mu Bushinwa. Umuvuduko w'iterambere ry'inganda z'amashanyarazi zifite ingufu nke mu gihugu cyanjye wagumye kuri 10%-15% mu myaka yashize. Ubushobozi bw'isoko ry'inganda z'amashanyarazi zifite ingufu nke bufitanye isano rya hafi n'iterambere ry'inganda z'amashanyarazi, inganda, imitungo itimukanwa, n'itumanaho. Hamwe no kuvugurura imiterere y'ibikenewe by'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nke hamwe n'ibikenewe ku isoko mpuzamahanga, bitanga umwanya mugari w'iterambere ry'inganda z'amashanyarazi zifite ingufu nke mu gihe kizaza.

Mu gihe cya gahunda y'imyaka itanu ya cumi na kabiri, hamwe no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora amashanyarazi akoresha ingufu nke, ibikoresho bishya by'amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nke bifite ubuhanga, modularity, n'ubushobozi bwo gutumanaho bizaba ibicuruzwa bikuru ku isoko. Ibicuruzwa byo mu cyiciro cya mbere bizava ku isoko mu 2010, ibicuruzwa byo mu cyiciro cya kabiri bizaba ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hasi, naho ibicuruzwa byo mu cyiciro cya gatatu hamwe n'ibindi bicuruzwa byo mu cyiciro cya kabiri bizaba ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hagati. Kuva mu 2021 kugeza mu 2025, ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu nke rizinjira mu cyiciro cyuzuye cy'ubwubatsi mu bice birindwi birimo kohereza ingufu, guhindura, gukwirakwiza, n'itumanaho.