Inkomoko y'amahuriro
Hari impamvu nyinshi zituma habaho harmonics, bityo hari amasoko menshi, kandi ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bikoreshwamo nabyo bigaragaza imiterere itandukanye. Muri zo, amasoko y'ingenzi ya harmonics arimo cyane cyane amatsinda ya transformers mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi, amatanura y'amashanyarazi yo mu nganda, ibikoresho binini by'amashanyarazi by'icyiciro kimwe, hamwe n'ibikoresho byinshi byo gutunganya ibintu hamwe n'ibikoresho bigenzura voltage ya AC.
Isesengura ryangiza ry'amajwi
Kuba hariho harmonics mu buryo bw'ingufu bingana n'isoko y'ingufu ihumanya, kandi ikintu gihumanya ahanini ni ibidukikije bya electromagnetic mu buryo bw'ingufu. Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibidukikije muri sisitemu y'ingufu, ibidukikije bya electromagnetic bizagaragaza ibyago bitandukanye bitewe n'ingano zitandukanye za harmonics. Ariko, uku kwangiza guke bizanagabanya imikorere myiza y'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, kandi ingaruka zikomeye cyane zishobora gutuma sisitemu y'ingufu idahinduka kandi yitezwe ndetse n'ibyangiritse ku bikoresho by'amashanyarazi. Ingaruka mbi zo gukoresha harmonics zirimo cyane cyane ibi bikurikira:
(1) Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi birimo gushyuha bidasanzwe bitewe n'ibikorwa bya harmonics, kandi igihombo cy'inyongera ni kinini cyane. Nubwo hari icyuho kinini hagati y'ingano y'umuyoboro wa harmonics n'umuyoboro w'ibanze, kuba harmonics bizongera ingaruka z'uruhu rw'igikoresho, kandi ubushobozi bwo guhangana neza buziyongera mu gihe cyo kumva ingaruka z'uruhu. Ku bikoresho bimwe na bimwe byihariye, igihombo kinini cy'umuyoboro wa eddy n'igihombo cya hysteresis nabyo bizabaho, nk'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite insinga z'icyuma. Iyo umuyoboro wa wave uhindutse ku rugero runaka, umuyoboro munini w'ingufu z'ikirere wongera imbaraga z'umuyoboro wa wave. Muri ubwo buryo bwinshi bwo gukoresha, biroroshye kugabanya igihe cy'imikorere y'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi.
(2) Moteri ishobora gutera guhindagura kwa mekanike. Iyo ikoreshejwe n'imigezi ihuza amashanyarazi, imbaraga rukuruzi zizenguruka za moteri zitanga imbaraga zituma moteri ihinda. Iyo ikoreshejwe n'ingufu zisanzwe za moteri, ubwo bwoko bw'imitingito bushobora gutera guhindagura kwa mekanike mu buryo bworoshye, bityo bikabangamira ireme ry'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi ndetse bikanashyira ubuzima bw'abantu mu kaga.
(3) Kubangamira ibikoresho bya mudasobwa n'ibindi bikoresho byo kugenzura byikora. Mu bihe bisanzwe, ibikoresho byo kugenzura byikora n'izindi sisitemu zo kugenzura byikora bikozwe hashingiwe ku muvuduko usanzwe w'amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi asanzwe. Iyo harmonics ikozwe, sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora ntiyitaho iki kintu gitera ingaruka, bigatuma byoroha. Kubangamira imikorere y'imikorere yayo yo kugenzura. Iyo urwego rw'umwanda wa harmonics ari runini, birashoboka kandi guhindura imikorere ya sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora, bigatuma itanga ubuyobozi butari bwo. Ubwo bwoko bw'ingaruka buzagira ingaruka zikomeye ku musaruro nyakuri n'imikorere, ndetse bunateze impanuka zidasubirwaho mu mutekano.
